AC-3(2)—Access Enforcement | Dual Authorization
IL6
>Control Description
Enforce dual authorization for ⚙organization-defined privileged commands and/or other organization-defined actions.
>DoD Impact Level Requirements
No specific parameter values or requirements for this impact level.
>Discussion
Dual authorization, also known as two-person control, reduces risk related to insider threats. Dual authorization mechanisms require the approval of two authorized individuals to execute. To reduce the risk of collusion, organizations consider rotating dual authorization duties.
Organizations consider the risk associated with implementing dual authorization mechanisms when immediate responses are necessary to ensure public and environmental safety.
>Related Controls
>Assessment Interview Topics
Questions assessors commonly ask
Process & Governance:
- •What formal policies and procedures govern the implementation of AC-3(2) (Dual Authorization)?
- •Who are the designated roles responsible for implementing, maintaining, and monitoring AC-3(2)?
- •How frequently is the AC-3(2) policy reviewed and updated, and what triggers policy changes?
- •What training or awareness programs ensure personnel understand their responsibilities related to AC-3(2)?
Technical Implementation:
- •Describe the specific technical mechanisms or controls used to enforce AC-3(2) requirements.
- •What automated tools, systems, or technologies are deployed to implement AC-3(2)?
- •How is AC-3(2) integrated into your system architecture and overall security posture?
- •What configuration settings, parameters, or technical specifications enforce AC-3(2) requirements?
Evidence & Documentation:
- •What documentation demonstrates the complete implementation of AC-3(2)?
- •What audit logs, records, reports, or monitoring data validate AC-3(2) compliance?
- •Can you provide evidence of periodic reviews, assessments, or testing of AC-3(2) effectiveness?
- •What artifacts would you present during a FedRAMP assessment to demonstrate AC-3(2) compliance?
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